Dairokuten-no-Hadaka Matsuri: Mudslinging Fun!
Would you believe this is a sacred spiritual ritual?
It’s a cold day in late February as men young and old clad only in thin white loincloths stand stoically shivering knee-deep in freezing cold water. At a signal they all rush each other flinging handfuls of mud at one another. They also wrestle and toss each other about in the muddy cold water. What may appear to be school boy rough-housing with a sado-masochistic bent is actually a spiritual ritual done to insure good harvest while simultaneously bringing luck to the mud-flinging participants and spectators. The Shinto gods must love a good free-for-all and the Dairokuten-no-Hadaka Matsuri gives them a good show.
Half-naked men gathered in cold muddy water to entertain the Gods.
The Dairokuten-no-Hadaka Matsuri is just one of many “naked” festivals held throughout Japan often in winter. Hadaka means “naked” but in actuality the participants of these naked festivals wear loincloths called fundoshi. Hadaka festivals can involve carrying large portable shrines, clambering up ropes in temples, fighting for luck and money, or mudslinging.
Babies borne aloft to be marked for good luck
One of the most notoriously violent Hadaka Festival takes place in Saidaiji in Okayama. There thousands of half-naked men fight to retrieve a sacred object and receive a year’s worth of luck not too mention a hefty cash prize. Even the yakuza (gangsters) reportedly show up to release a little steam through knuckle therapy. Though officially banned from participating (no tattooed participants are allowed), they are unmistakable in their black fundoshi and aggressive behavior. This year one participant died from the injuries he received at the festival.
A baby getting a good luck mud smear
The Dairokuten-no-Hadaka Matsuri at Musubi-jinja Shrine in Yotsukaido, Chiba is a far more tamer affair than the one in Saidaiji. There are no cash prizes to tempt the criminal element, there are no winners or losers, there are no injuries; there is only good fortune for all and lots of mud.
Prior to the mudslinging mayhem, parents hand over wailing infants to fundoshi-clad half-naked males. The males take the infants down to the pool and daub their faces with mud using a specially-blessed stick. The infants’ response to this situation is quite natural — they bawl their little heads off. And who could blame them? Being handed over to some strange nearly naked man and taken to a muddy pond to be smeared with mud is no doubt a very shocking experience to their little unwrinkled brains. The parents however are quite pleased because the ritual means good health and good luck for their child.
Human pyramids collide
The mudslinging event occurs periodically throughout the afternoon for about two hours starting around 1 p.m. and finishing around 3 p.m. The mud-slingers huddle together around a large fire near the shrine trying to stay warm. Then with the cry “Washoi!” they head down the hill to the cold pond.
They split up into groups and form human pyramids with several participants riding on the shoulders of their comrades. At a shout the human pyramids slowly slog through the cold muddy water towards each other. For a few brief moments the top-riding mud-slingers attempt to grapple with their opponents before all the pyramids collapse in on themselves into the mire. Then it becomes a free-for-all mudslinging event.
The mudslinging too only lasts for a few short minutes before they rush back up the hill to the awaiting warm fire. Along the way, the mud-slingers mark the faces of the spectators especially children with mud as they pass. In any other situation, smearing someone with mud would no doubt lead to some heated words and flying fists.
At the Dairokuten-no-Hadaka Matsuri, however, spectators are more than happy to have their faces smeared with mud because this means they too will receive good luck. Young and old alike are quite pleased to sport their muddy faces to show off their good fortune. Only the infants make a fuss about the mud-smearing.
Showing off good luck mark
The mud-slingers huddle around the fire once more soaking up its heat before heading down again for another bout of mud mayhem. They do this several times. At the end of their ordeal, they toss a Shinto Priest or two in the air in a bit of playful revenge.
Back to the fray
The mudslinging participants of Musubi-jinja Shrine’s festival are few in number and the festival itself is a small one in comparison to so many others even in the same category. But what makes the Dairokuten-no-Hadaka Matsuri worthy of attention is the motivation behind the cold water mudslinging.
At Saidaiji, thousands of participants gather for the chance to win a year’s worth of luck and a fair bit of cash to boot. They also participate in order to get unlimited free alcohol and release some pent-up repressed aggression by bashing other participants. Basically their motives are aggressive, self-centered, and ultimately selfish.
A mud-slinger getting a dip from his fellow mud-slingers
At Musubi-jinja Shrine, the participants receive nothing for their putting up with the cold, the mud, and the numb-chilling water. From a ritual standpoint, they sacrifice their comfort for the sake of the community. Their actions bring about good luck for the whole area not just themselves.
And at the end of the day, spirits are in high form and no one is lying broken and bleeding in the mud. So while the Dairokuten-no-Hadaka may not be on the same level of excitement to watch, its participants are far more admirable for their selflessness and good natured spirits.
It’s a dirty job but someone’s got to do it
Mud - An Unlikely Lucky Symbol
Lucky muddy faces
At first glance, mud may seem like a doubtful symbol of luck. In fact, most people complain about it endlessly such as when they have the bad luck to get their vehicles bogged in it, their clothes dirtied by it, or when someone tracks it into their homes. But it should be remembered that much of Shintoism is rooted in agriculture. Many rituals such as fertility festivals, yabusame, and even sumo have long been performed to ensure good harvests. Water and mud are essential for the growing of crops particularly rice. The presence of mud meant an abundant harvest of rice.
Until the Meiji Restoration (1868), wealth in Old Japan was measured in rice. Provinces’ wealth was measured in koku - the amount of rice they produced on a yearly basis. One koku was equavilent to the amount of rice a person would eat in a year’s time. So mud was a symbol not only of harvest but also of riches.
EXCELLENT article David… This was a great read and your images are fantastic.. WELL DONE! And thank you!
We used to do this kind of stuff in the fields and unfortunately-placed drainage ditch in my elementary school in spring and fall. Don’t think we had much of a reason to do it aside from ‘it’s mud, it’s fun, it’ll squish out all afternoon!’, though… .
We also used to indulge in ‘Buck Buck’and ‘Dodge Nuts’ since we also had oak trees dropping convenient acorn bullets.
In winter: simply surviving getting to school without loosing your boots in voracious snow banks, the ‘Idiot Child’ - the sacrificial kid who would just try once to put their tongues against the metal flag pole and ’skidding’ (sqatting behind the school bus and sliding along the icy road when it takes off with you hanging off the fender).
Verily, I have no idea how I survived childhood… .
On the other hand, I love how in Japan some of the more popular ceremonies mimic the kids’ most fun antics in the name of ‘ceremony’
Nice report David! Keep’em coming!
David,it’s the quality of posts like this that separates Japundit ..from the rest.
you lift the bar very high.
Thanks.
I remember childhood football games in the schoolyard park that were like this…ah and who could forget smear the queer. Of course, these games where not about luck so much as being able to hurt/embarrass people you didn’t like in an acceptable way.
could I get the date? I want to go
[…] The following is a movie taken at the mudslinging festival reported on here. […]